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将Linux 2.6.36移植到飞凌OK6410开发板实战

发布日期:2011-05-24

今天终于让Linux2.6.36.2内核在飞凌的ok6410板子上跑起来了,想来也是艰辛,为了移植成功,断断续续做了将近两个月的努力,期间郁闷不可言语形容啊,   了解其中艰辛,将自己移植步骤与心得与大家分享,希望对初踏次领域之人有所帮助,我所写的成果一部分也是网上前辈的所作,并非本人原创。

 

一、       移植环境
主 机:VMWare-Ubuntu

开发板:飞凌OK6410 nandflash,Kernel:2.6.36.2

编译器:arm-linux-gcc-4.3.2.tgz

u-boot:u-boot-1.1.6

 

注:编译器和u-boot 都是飞凌开发板自带的
二、  源码获得
       内核源码到http://www.all.kernel.org/下载;
三、    移植步骤:
1.将Linux2.6.34.2内核源码放到工作目录文件夹下,并解压。
#tar xzvf linux2.6.36.2.tar.gz –c /
#pwd
/
# cd linux2.6.36.2
       2. 修改内核源码根目录下的Makefile文件(CROSS_COMPILE    =的值因个人情况而定,其他可以照做,蓝色部分为修改部分。)
       #gedit Makefile
......
#SUBARCH := $(shell uname -m | sed -e s/i.86/i386/ -e s/sun4u/sparc64/ \
#                  -e s/arm.*/arm/ -e s/sa110/arm/ \
#                  -e s/s390x/s390/ -e s/parisc64/parisc/ \
#                  -e s/ppc.*/powerpc/ -e s/mips.*/mips/ )
......
#ARCH        ?= $(SUBARCH)
#CROSS_COMPILE    ?=
ARCH        = arm
CROSS_COMPILE    = /usr/local/arm/usr/local/arm/4.3.2/bin/arm-none-linux- gnueabi-
3添加NandFlash分区信息.

修改arch/arm/mach-s3c64xx/mach-smdk6410.c文件,添加Nand Flash的分区信息和Nand Flash的硬件信息。(蓝色字体为添加部分)

#pwd
        #gedit mach-smdk6410.c               //add here 注意:此处的nandflash分区信息是飞凌自带的2.6.28的内核设置,由于此处要用到uboot是飞凌的,所以分区信息也要按人家的来 添加头文件 #include <plat/nand.h>#include <linux/mtd/partitions.h>#include <mtd/mtd-abi.h>#include <asm/mach/flash.h>struct mtd_partition s3c_partition_info[] = {     

                   {        

                      .name          = "Bootloader",

                       .offset               = 0,  

                      .size          = (256*SZ_1K),   

                        .mask_flags    =MTD_CAP_NANDFLASH, 

                     },  

                     {       

                      .name          = "Kernel",  

                     .offset               = (256*SZ_1K),    

                     .size          = (4*SZ_1M) - (256*SZ_1K),   

                      .mask_flags    = MTD_CAP_NANDFLASH,    

                     },
#if defined      (CONFIG_SPLIT_ROOT_FILESYSTEM)

                {          

                        .name          = "Rootfs",

                        .offset               = (4*SZ_1M),  

                         .size          = (80*SZ_1M),//

                },

#endif       

                  {         

                          .name          = "File System",

                          .offset               = MTDPART_OFS_APPEND, 

                       .size          = MTDPART_SIZ_FULL,  

                  }
};

static struct s3c2410_nand_set s3c_nandset[]={ 

       [0]=         {       

                   .name            ="s3c24xx-nand",   

                  .nr_chips        = 1, 

                    .nr_partitions   =ARRAY_SIZE(s3c_partition_info),       

                 .partitions   =s3c_partition_info,

                    }
};

static struct s3c2410_platform_nand s3c_platform={    

              .tacls =25,          

            .twrph0 =55,       

            .sets = &s3c_nandset,     

             .nr_sets =ARRAY_SIZE(s3c_nandset),};

//add here…
static struct platform_device *smdk6410_devices[] __initdata = {
#ifdef CONFIG_SMDK6410_SD_CH0    

    &s3c_device_hsmmc0,

#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_SMDK6410_SD_CH1     

     &s3c_device_hsmmc1,

#endif       

   &s3c_device_i2c0,    

     &s3c_device_i2c1,     

    &s3c_device_fb,      

    &s3c_device_ohci,    

      &s3c_device_usb_hsotg,   

     &s3c64xx_device_iisv4, 

       //add here     

     &s3c_device_nand,     

   //add here…
}
static void __init smdk6410_map_io(void){  

       u32 tmp;    

      //add here    

      s3c_device_nand.name = "s3c6410-nand";  

       //add here…

}

static void __init smdk6410_machine_init(void){     

      u32 cs1;      

     s3c_i2c0_set_platdata(NULL); 

       s3c_i2c1_set_platdata(NULL);  

      s3c_fb_set_platdata(&smdk6410_lcd_pdata); 

       //add here      

     s3c_nand_set_platdata(&s3c_platform);//     

     //add here…

}

5.配置内核。(arch/arm/configs/目录下是一般内核的默认配置)

支持NandFlash

Device Drivers --->

<*> Memory Technology Device (MTD) support --->

[*] MTD partitioning support

<*> NAND Device Support --->

<*> NAND Flash support for S3C/S3C SoC

    再把这个选项选上 

device drivers ->

Memory Technology Device (MTD) support --->

Caching block device access to MTD devices

(此出勾选可防止出现:VFS: Cannot open root device "mtdblock2" or unknown-block(2,0)  错误)
保存退出
复制config文件,编译内核
#pwd
#/linux2.6.34.2
#cp –f arch/arm/configs/s3c6400_defconfig .config
可以使用make menuconfig对刚刚配置的内核根据具体的情况进行修改,开始我没有进行修改直接make zImage,最后在arch/arm/boot/目录下生成zImage镜像文件。
6.编译内核   make zImage

  下载到板子上,发现如下问题,此问题郁闷我最久,
…………………………………..

CPU: Testing write buffer coherency: ok

s3c6400-nand: failed to claim resource 0

WARNING: at drivers/base/core.c:130 device_release+0x70/0x84()

…………………………………………………….

------------[ cut here ]------------

WARNING: at drivers/base/core.c:130 device_release+0x70/0x84()

Device 's3c64xx-rtc' does not have a release() function, it is broken and must be fixed.

Modules linked in:

……………………………………………………….

 

[<c000857c>] (kernel_init+0x94/0x14c) from [<c0022e0c>] (kernel_thread_exit+0x0/0x8)

---[ end trace 1b75b31a2719ed1e ]---

------------[ cut here ]------------

WARNING: at drivers/base/core.c:130 device_release+0x70/0x84()

Device 's3c64xx-pata.0' does not have a release() function, it is broken and must be fixed.

Modules linked in:

……………………………………………………………………………..

这个问题就是在mach-smdk6410.c 中的static struct platform_device *smdk6410_devices[] __initdata = {

……………………………………………….

       &smdk6410_smsc911x,

       &s3c_device_adc,

       &s3c_device_cfcon,

       &s3c_device_rtc,

       &s3c_device_ts,

       &s3c_device_wdt,

        &s3c_device_nand,

};  结构体中 所有设备都找不到释放函数,经过分析,可能是这些板级设备初始化时出现问题,所以系统调用释放资源的函数,可是内核中没有这些函数(可能是没有必要吧,所以内核中没有定义! 此上纯属个人胡猜,希望高手指正),所以出现如上问题,通过我大量的分析,问题在static struct resource s3c_nand_resource[](路径:arch./arm/plat-samsung) 这个机构体中,

static struct resource s3c_nand_resource[] = {

     [0] = {

              .start = S3C_PA_NAND,

              .end   = S3C_PA_NAND + SZ_1M-1,

              .flags = IORESOURCE_MEM,

       }

};

     .end   = S3C_PA_NAND + SZ_1M-1, 这个值后面再减去1,就可以了,这是对比其他的设备资源结构做出的修改,此处涉及到这些设备的总线地址范围,我琢磨着出现上述问题,就是这个总线地址冲突了,希望高手指正啊!(内核中的定义,怎么会出现错误呢,这地方我还真搞不懂啊),不知道自己修改的合适不合适
所以解决方法就是修改arch./arm/plat-samsung/dev-nand.c 中的
static struct resource s3c_nand_resource[] = {

     [0] = {

              .start = S3C_PA_NAND,

              .end   = S3C_PA_NAND + SZ_1M-1,

              .flags = IORESOURCE_MEM,

       }

};
.end   = S3C_PA_NAND + SZ_1M-1,  减去一就行了
7.再次编译内核,下载运行:
…………………………………
ifconfig: socket: Function not implemented

Try to bring eth0 interface up......ifconfig: socket: Function not implemented

ifconfig: socket: Function not implemented

ifconfig: socket: Function not implemented

route: socket: Function not implemented

Done

 

Starting Qtopia, please waiting...

Please press Enter to activate this console. touch...

说明内核已经成功引导启动文件系统,只不过现在的内核没有触摸板驱动,下一步你就可以移植一下触摸板驱动了
此教程只是本人所遇到问题的总结,一些问题只做参考,交流,并不具备通用性,如按照上述步骤遇到问题,联系我,可以帮着一起解决,本人菜鸟,教程制作仓卒,如有错误,请大家见谅